What Is an Ileostomy?

As mentioned, an ileostomy is a surgical procedure that alters the way stool leaves the body. Typically, ileostomies are performed when the large intestine (also known as the colon) is not functioning properly and is unable to store and process waste as it should.

During an ileostomy, a surgeon will create a small hole in your abdominal wall. Then, they’ll bring the bottommost part of your small intestine, called the ileum, through the hole. The ileum is then sewn to the skin to hold it in place, and a bag (called an ostomy bag) is placed over the hole to collect stool. This hole is called a stoma.

An ileostomy may be temporary or permanent, depending on why you need it. If you need a temporary ileostomy, that likely means your stool will be temporarily diverted away from the large intestine to give it time to heal, leaving the connection between the ileum and the large intestine so that the surgery can be reversed later.

If both your large intestine and rectum will be removed, your ileostomy will likely be long-term or permanent. Your doctor will talk to you about your options and help you decide which one would work best for you.

Most people who undergo ileostomy are able to return to their usual activities, including working, traveling, gardening, hiking, or sports. If your ileostomy was needed because of a chronic condition, you may need continued treatment afterward.

Loop Ileostomy vs End Ileostomy

There are two main types of ileostomies: loop ileostomies and end ileostomies.

A loop ileostomy is usually a temporary one. It’s used for a short time to protect part of the colon that may need some time to rest and heal, including in situations where a portion of the colon is removed because of disease.

To perform this type of ileostomy, a surgeon will bring a section, or “loop,” of your small intestine through the opening made in your abdominal wall while leaving a connection between the small and large intestines. This allows the ileostomy to be reversed later if needed.

An end ileostomy can be temporary or permanent, depending on why you need the ileostomy. An end ileostomy is done by separating the small intestine from the large intestine and pulling the ileum of the small intestine through the hole made in the abdominal wall. Some or all of your large intestine may be removed during this procedure.

What Is an Ileostomy?

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